Question 1
Question text
If you vomit and stomach contents move out through the nose, there has been a failure of the
Select one:
a. glottis to retain food.
b. larynx to move up.
c. trachea to cover the glottis.
d. reflex action of reverse peristalsis.
e. soft palate to close off the nasopharynx.
Correct Answer – Question 1
Correct Answer – e. soft palate to close off the nasopharynx.
Question 2
Question text
Which of the following is considered a major mineral in the human diet?
Select one:
a. iron
b. copper
c. zinc
d. iodine
e. sodium
Answer – Question 2
Correct Answer – e. sodium
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Question 3
Question text
Which eating disorder is associated with a binge of high-calorie foods and feelings of guilt followed by a purge cycle?
Select one:
a. pica
b. binge-eating disorder
c. anorexia nervosa
d. bulimia nervosa
Question 4
Question text
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the normal mechanism of ventilation?
Select one:
a. Inspiration is passive and expiration is active.
b. The diaphragm, when contracted, will be lowered.
c. The inner and outer pleural membranes must be separated by a thin film of fluid.
d. The lungs must lie within a sealed-off thoracic cavity.
e. There must be a continuous column of air from the pharynx to the alveoli.
Question 5
Question text
What happens to the blood pH if a person hyperventilates?
Select one:
a. The pH will remain the same.
b. The pH will initially decrease but then dramatically increase.
c. The pH will initially increase but then dramatically decrease.
d. The pH will decrease.
e. The pH will increase.
Question 6
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External respiration occurs at which location?
Select one:
a. larynx
b. mouth
c. bronchi
d. alveoli
e. bronchioles
Question 7
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“Artificial kidneys” do not function in all respects like a natural kidney. What is one inherent problem and what is its practical solution?
Select one:
a. Artificial kidneys are complex and must be operated at hospitals; train home care nurses.
b. Dialysis uses passive diffusion and some kidney functions require selective active transport; restrict diet to limit the variety of waste molecules.
c. Artificial kidneys treat the blood directly, requiring IV tubing, etc.; invent an alternative to avoid the bloodstream.
d. Artificial systems are less efficient; run the artificial kidney 24 hours a day.
e. Blood coagulates any time it leaves the body; dilute the blood.
Question 8
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The physical principle upon which kidney dialysis is based is
Select one:
a. active transport.
b. heat transfer.
c. pinocytosis.
d. hydrogen ion transfer.
e. diffusion.
Question 9
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Which of the following is a nonfilterable component of the blood?
Select one:
a. sodium chloride
b. albumin
c. urea
d. glucose
e. amino acids
Question 10
Correct
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Question text
Which of the following is NOT a way that drugs can affect the brain?
Select one:
a.Drugs promote the release of the neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
b.Drugs mimic the action of a neurotransmitter by binding to the receptor.
c.Drugs block the enzyme that causes breakdown of the neurotransmitter.
d.Drugs block saltatory conduction.
e.Drugs cause neurotransmitters to leak out of a synaptic vesicle into the axon terminal.
Question 11
Question text
Which description best fits the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
Select one:
a. nerves that carries motor commands to the CNS and sensory messages to the muscles and glands
b. consists of the brain and spinal cord, located in the midline of the body
c. consists of the brain and spinal cord, located on the peripheral aspect of the body
d. None of the answer choices is a description of the peripheral nervous system.
e. nerves that carry sensory messages to the CNS and motor commands to the muscles and glands
Question 12
Question text
In a reflex arc, which of the following resides completely within the spinal column?
Select one:
a. effectors
b. sensory neurons
c. interneurons
d. motor neurons
e. receptors
Question 13
Correct
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What part of the ear determines pitch?
Select one:
a.tympanic membrane
b.oval window
c.organ of Corti
d.auditory canal
e.incus, malleus, and stapes
Question 14
Correct
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When a baseball player is hit in the back by a ball, what is detected by the pain receptors?
Select one:
a.the temperature of the day
b.the body’s position during the time of the injury
c.chemicals that are released by the damaged cells
d.the pressure produced by the trauma
Question 15
Correct
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Which of these is true of all receptors?
Select one:
a.They are all found at the ends of neurons and initiate a nerve impulse that is carried to the brain.
b.They not only receive stimuli but also interpret them.
c.They are all stimulated by a change in the external environment.
d.They are all located in the hypothalamus and skin.
e.All receptors are sensitive to all the different types of stimuli.
Question 16
Correct
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Question text
The influence of learning on behavior was shown in studies of
Select one:
a.migrating birds.
b.food preferences of garter snakes.
c.nurturing behavior in mice.
d.feeding behavior of baby gull chicks and singing patterns of song birds.
e.altruism in human beings.
Question 17
Correct
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When an ant finds a source of food, such as an open sugar bin in a kitchen, it returns to the nest, leaving a scent trail that other ants can follow. This is a case of
Select one:
a.chemical communication.
b.auditory communication.
c.learning.
d.tactile communication.
e.visual communication.
Question 18
Correct
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Question text
Several species of grain beetles can live on dry meal, obtaining water from their metabolic reactions. Many of these beetle species are grain pests that do considerable damage to stored grain. You set up an experiment with a dozen jars of dry meal. In each jar you introduce 50 individuals from each of two species. The food supply is sufficient to last for a year, and the size of the jar is adequate to prevent toxic waste buildup. In 6 months, when you reexamine the jars, you will most likely find
Select one:
a.a totally random number of organisms from both beetle species.
b.the same ratio of beetles as when you started, about half from each species.
c.only dead beetles in all jars due to intense competition.
d.a new species of hybrid beetles in each of the jars.
e.only one species per jar, similar to the classic competitive exclusion principle experiment with paramecia.
Question 19
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Black-and-yellow stripes are a common warning coloration. Among a set of insects that possess black-and-yellow patterns are:
-female wasps that sting
-male wasps that do not sting
-a tasty, harmless, and nutritious leaf beetle
-an acrid blister beetle that makes you sick if you eat it
-a harmless hover fly that sounds and looks like a bee
This assortment represents
Select one:
a.all organisms that share black and yellow because it evolved in a common ancestor.
b.warning coloration only in the cases of the female wasp and blister beetle; the other cases are not mimicry.
c.all cases of Müllerian mimicry.
d.a combination of cases including both Müllerian and Batesian mimicry.
e.all cases of Batesian mimicry.
Question 20
Correct
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Once a nutrient enters an ecosystem, it
Select one:
a.must remain in that ecosystem.
b.can only leave that ecosystem if it is carried by a living organism.
c.cannot leave that ecosystem.
d.must leave that ecosystem to enter into an organism.
e.can cycle endlessly in that ecosystem.
Question 21
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Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
Select one:
a.sunlight
b.inorganic nutrients
c.temperature
d.water availability
e.trees
Question 22
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If the total amount of solar energy captured by plants in an ecosystem is 10,000 kilocalories, how much of this energy will be available to the next trophic level?
Select one:
a.1,000 kilocalories
b.10,000 kilocalories
c.100 kilocalories
d.10 kilocalories
e.1 kilocalorie
Question 23
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Which biome has both a high temperature and plentiful water?
Select one:
a.tropical forest
b.savanna
c.desert
d.tundra
e.taiga
Question 24
Correct
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Which of the following factors will have the greatest impact in determining the type of biome in a location?
Select one:
a.soil conditions
b.types of animals present
c.temperature
d.the variety of plants that live in the region
e.wind patterns
Question 25
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Question text
Which would be characterized by rainfall under 25 cm/year, hot days, cold nights, and spiny-leafed plants?
Select one:
a.temperate deciduous forest
b.desert
c.taiga
d.grasslands
e.tundra
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